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Volitional experiences associated with breaching posthypnotic amnesia.

W C Coe, E Yashinski

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hypnotic subjects with and without memory control (voluntaries and involuntaries) were tested for posthypnotic amnesia. A lie detector condition increased memory recall for both groups compared to a relax condition.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Posthypnotic amnesia is a phenomenon where individuals are unable to recall information presented during hypnosis.
    • Individuals can be categorized by their perceived control over memory recall during amnesia: voluntaries (control) and involuntaries (no control).
    • Previous research has explored methods to breach posthypnotic amnesia, with varying success.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare memory recall in highly responsive hypnotic subjects categorized as voluntaries versus involuntaries under different contextual conditions.
    • To investigate the effect of a lie detector condition versus a relax control condition on breaching posthypnotic amnesia.
    • To examine the relationship between perceived voluntariness and memory recall during posthypnotic amnesia.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • A 2x2 factorial design was used, comparing voluntary and involuntary subjects across lie detector and relax control conditions.
    • Subjects underwent posthypnotic suggestion and subsequent recall testing.
    • Voluntariness ratings were reassessed after the experiment to account for potential changes in perception.

    Main Results:

    • Both voluntary and involuntary subjects showed increased memory recall (breached amnesia) under the lie detector condition compared to the relax condition.
    • The degree of amnesia breaching was modest across all experimental conditions.
    • No significant difference was found in the degree of amnesia breaching between voluntary and involuntary subjects under the lie detector condition.

    Conclusions:

    • The lie detector condition, designed to induce pressure, was effective in partially breaching posthypnotic amnesia for both voluntary and involuntary subjects.
    • The findings challenge earlier research suggesting a stronger effect in one group over the other.
    • The voluntary-involuntary dimension may be less critical in breaching amnesia under high-pressure conditions than previously thought.