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In situ simulation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A systematic review
Andrea Cortegiani1,2, Mariachiara Ippolito1,2, Cristian Abelairas-Gómez3,4
1Department of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care Area (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Resuscitation Plus
|February 3, 2025
Summary
In situ simulation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training may offer benefits for healthcare workers. However, the evidence is very low certainty, and the cost-effectiveness remains unclear due to limited data on required resources.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Emergency Medicine
- Simulation-Based Training
Background:
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a critical skill for healthcare professionals.
- Traditional CPR training methods may not fully translate to real-world clinical performance.
- In situ simulation offers a novel approach to CPR training within the actual clinical environment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of in situ simulation for CPR training.
- To assess its impact on clinical and educational outcomes for healthcare workers.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies was conducted.
- Searches included PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to October 28, 2024.
- Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using GRADE and RoB2/ROBINS-I.
Main Results:
- Ten studies (4 RCTs, 6 non-randomized) were included, with high risk of bias and very low certainty of evidence.
- Some studies suggested potential benefits in patient survival and outcomes, and improvements in clinical performance and teamwork.
- Most studies reported enhanced clinical performance, teamwork, and CPR skills in simulated scenarios post-training.
Conclusions:
- In situ simulation is a viable option for CPR training, despite limited and low-certainty evidence.
- Further research is needed to clarify the cost-benefit balance, particularly regarding resource utilization.
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