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Body composition and CO2 dietary emissions.

Silvia García1,2,3, Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida1,2,3, Sebastián Mas-Fontao1,4

  • 1CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in Public Health
|February 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Dietary choices impact health and the environment. Higher body weight and composition, including fat-free mass and total body water, correlate with increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from food consumption.

Keywords:
CO2 emissionsanthropometrybody compositionenvironmentsustainable diets

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Nutritional Science
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Food consumption patterns significantly influence individual health outcomes, such as body composition.
  • Dietary habits also play a crucial role in environmental impact, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between body composition metrics and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions derived from dietary intake in an adult population.
  • To understand how anthropometric and body composition factors relate to the environmental footprint of food choices.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analysis of 778 adults (aged 55-75) with metabolic syndrome from the PREDIMED-Plus study.
  • Dietary intake assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire; CO2 emissions calculated using the Agribalyse® database.
  • Body composition measured using bioimpedance analysis, alongside standard anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions demonstrated a significant positive linear association with body weight, waist circumference, and visceral fat.
  • Increased levels of fat-free mass and total body water were also positively correlated with higher dietary CO2 emissions.
  • Energy intake was similarly linked to elevated CO2 emissions.

Conclusions:

  • Body composition is demonstrably linked to the carbon footprint of an individual's diet.
  • Higher body weight, fat-free mass, and total body water are associated with increased dietary CO2 emissions, indicating a direct relationship.