Ethnic Differences in Ascending Aorta Dimensions and Dilatation Rates: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Morphology
• Medical Imaging
• Population Health

Background:

• Ascending aorta dimensions and dilatation rates can vary significantly across different ethnic groups.
• These variations have potential implications for the clinical assessment and management of aortic dilatation.
• Current cardiovascular practice may benefit from more tailored, ethnicity-specific approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the existing literature on the impact of ethnicity on ascending aorta diameter.
• To evaluate ethnic variations in ascending aorta dilatation rates.
• To highlight the need for ethnicity-specific considerations in cardiovascular care.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of 11 studies measuring ascending aorta dimensions.
• Inclusion of studies utilizing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
• Focus on data from Asian, Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic populations.

Main Results:

• Notable variability in baseline ascending aorta diameters across ethnic groups was observed.
• Some studies reported larger diameters in Chinese versus Caucasian populations, and smaller diameters in African Americans.
• Dilatation rates also differed, with non-White race linked to earlier/rapid aortic root dilation and Vietnamese individuals showing higher annual growth rates.

Conclusions:

• Findings underscore the significant role of ethnicity in shaping ascending aorta morphology.
• Genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and lifestyle likely contribute to these ethnic variations.
• Integrating ethnic background into risk stratification may enhance accuracy and guide personalized management of aortic dilatation.