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FGF21 Analogues in Patients With Metabolic Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled

Panagiotis Theofilis1, Evangelos Oikonomou2, Paschalis Karakasis3

  • 11st Department of Cardiology, "Hippokration" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
|February 3, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) analogues show promise in treating liver complications associated with metabolic diseases. These FGF21 analogues effectively reduce hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, offering a potential new therapeutic option.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Liver-related complications are prevalent in metabolic diseases.
  • Current treatment options for these liver complications are limited.
  • Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) analogues are being investigated as a therapeutic strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of FGF21 analogues.
  • To assess the impact of FGF21 analogues on hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
  • To evaluate FGF21 analogues as a treatment for patients with metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
  • Analysis focused on FGF21 analogues versus placebo for hepatic steatosis (hepatic fat fraction - HFF), inflammation, and fibrosis.
  • Adverse events (AEs) were also systematically recorded and compared.

Main Results:

  • FGF21 analogues significantly reduced hepatic fat fraction (HFF) compared to placebo.
  • Treatment was associated with metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) resolution and fibrosis improvement.
  • Rates of serious AEs and drug discontinuation were similar between FGF21 analogue and placebo groups.

Conclusions:

  • FGF21 analogues demonstrate significant efficacy in reducing hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
  • These findings suggest FGF21 analogues are a promising therapeutic option for steatotic liver disease in metabolic disorders.
  • Further research may solidify FGF21 analogues as a viable treatment for metabolic-associated liver conditions.
Keywords:
fibroblast growth factor 21hepatic fat fractionhepatic fibrosissteatohepatitis

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