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Printable molecule-selective core-shell nanoparticles for wearable and implantable sensing.

Minqiang Wang1, Cui Ye1, Yiran Yang1

  • 1Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

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Summary

Printable core-shell nanoparticles enable mass production of stable, flexible biosensors for continuous monitoring of diverse biomarkers. These advanced wearable sensors aid precision medicine in personalized health and therapeutic drug monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Wearable and implantable biosensors are crucial for precision medicine, enabling continuous biomolecule analysis for health monitoring.
  • Current biosensor limitations include a narrow range of detectable targets, operational instability, and challenges in scalable production.
  • Addressing these limitations is key to advancing personalized healthcare and fundamental biomedical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel printable core-shell nanoparticles for advanced biosensor fabrication.
  • To overcome limitations in target specificity, operational stability, and mass production of biosensors.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these biosensors in real-world applications for personalized health and therapeutic monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of core-shell nanoparticles with a molecularly imprinted polymer shell for target recognition and a nickel hexacyanoferrate core for electrochemical transduction.
  • Utilizing inkjet printing technology with optimized nanoparticle ink for mass production of robust and flexible biosensors.
  • Validation of biosensor performance in wearable metabolic monitoring and therapeutic drug monitoring in clinical and preclinical settings.

Main Results:

  • Successful mass production of printable, stable, and flexible biosensors using core-shell nanoparticle technology.
  • Demonstrated continuous monitoring of a wide range of biomarkers, including amino acids, vitamins, metabolites, and drugs.
  • Validated effectiveness in wearable monitoring of vitamin C, tryptophan, and creatinine in long COVID patients, and in real-time analysis of immunosuppressants in cancer patients and a mouse model.

Conclusions:

  • Printable core-shell nanoparticles offer a scalable solution for creating advanced biosensors with dual functionality.
  • These novel biosensors significantly enhance capabilities for continuous, multi-biomarker monitoring in precision medicine.
  • The demonstrated applications highlight the potential of these biosensors for personalized health management and optimized therapeutic interventions.