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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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Pea aphid wing plasticity variation has a multigenic basis.

Rose M H Driscoll1, Xiaomi Liu1, Julia McDonough1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.

The Journal of Heredity
|February 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variation influences phenotypic plasticity in pea aphids, affecting wing development in response to environmental crowding. This study identifies a candidate gene, yellow-h, contributing to this adaptive trait variation.

Keywords:
genetic crossgenetic variationphenotypic plasticitypolyphenism

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Phenotypic plasticity allows genotypes to produce varied phenotypes based on environmental cues.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of plasticity variation is crucial for predicting population responses to environmental change, such as climate change.
  • Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) exhibit wing plasticity, producing wingless (fecund) or winged (dispersive) forms depending on population density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic underpinnings of wing plasticity variation in pea aphids.
  • To identify specific genetic loci and candidate genes associated with the propensity to develop wings in response to crowding.

Main Methods:

  • Crossed distinct pea aphid lines differing in plasticity (low vs. high).
  • Analyzed plasticity variation in backcross progeny (F1 x low parent).
  • Utilized transcriptional profiling to identify candidate genes.

Main Results:

  • Differences in plasticity between pea aphid lines have a significant genetic basis.
  • Multiple genetic loci likely contribute to the observed variation in wing plasticity.
  • The candidate gene yellow-h was identified within a genomic region associated with plasticity variation.

Conclusions:

  • This research provides novel insights into the genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity in an ecologically significant trait.
  • The findings underscore the importance of studying genetic variation in plasticity for understanding adaptation to environmental challenges.