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Effects of Acute Exercise and Carbohydrate Intake on Plasma GDF-15 Levels and Its Association With Appetite
Ellen James1, James Frampton1, Kevin G Murphy1
1Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
Journal of the Endocrine Society
|February 4, 2025
Summary
Acute exercise increases Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) levels, but carbohydrate intake does not influence this response. GDF-15 levels did not correlate with appetite or energy intake in healthy males.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Endocrinology
- Appetite regulation
Background:
- Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) is implicated in appetite suppression and obesity.
- Acute exercise is known to stimulate GDF-15, but its precise role in appetite regulation is unclear.
- The impact of pre-exercise carbohydrate intake on GDF-15 responses requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of acute exercise on GDF-15 secretion.
- To determine if carbohydrate intake modifies GDF-15 responses to exercise.
- To explore the relationship between GDF-15 levels and appetite regulation markers.
Main Methods:
- A randomized crossover trial involving 12 healthy males.
- Four conditions: control (water) with rest, control with exercise, carbohydrate intake with rest, and carbohydrate intake with exercise.
- Measurements included plasma GDF-15, subjective appetite ratings, and ad libitum energy intake.
Main Results:
- Exercise induced a delayed increase in GDF-15 levels at 120 minutes post-exercise.
- Neither exercise nor carbohydrate intake independently or interactively affected overall GDF-15 levels.
- No significant associations were observed between GDF-15 levels and subjective appetite or energy intake.
Conclusions:
- A 30-minute high-intensity exercise bout leads to a delayed GDF-15 increase, independent of carbohydrate intake.
- Physiological GDF-15 responses to acute exercise do not appear to correlate with appetite regulation markers in this context.
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