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Updated: May 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Improving the Production of Self-Assembling Fibers and Peptide Hydrogels for Superior Biocompatibility

Author Spotlight: Improving the Production of Self-Assembling Fibers and Peptide Hydrogels for Superior Biocompatibility

Published on: September 6, 2024

Fmoc-conjugated dipeptide-based hydrogels and their pH-tuneable behaviour

Soumen Kuila¹, Souvik Misra¹, Riya Saha²

¹Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri, West Bengal 734013, India. jayanta@nbu.ac.in.

|February 4, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed novel peptide-based hydrogelators. The glutamine-based hydrogelator (FQ) demonstrated superior gelation efficiency and self-assembly compared to aspartic acid (FD) and glutamic acid (FE) based hydrogelators.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biochemistry
Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

Peptide-based hydrogels are promising biomaterials.
Designing hydrogelators with tunable properties is crucial for applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and evaluate novel dipeptide-based hydrogelators.
To investigate the self-assembly and gelation behavior of Fmoc-phenylalanine dipeptides with varying amino acid side chains.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of three dipeptide-based hydrogelators: Fmoc-Phe-Gln (FQ), Fmoc-Phe-Asp (FD), and Fmoc-Phe-Glu (FE).
Study of self-assembly and gelation in phosphate buffer solutions.
Characterization using Thioflavin-T binding, molecular dynamics, fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and rheology.

Main Results:

FQ exhibited superior gelation efficiency and kinetics at neutral pH compared to FD and FE.
Lower pH enhanced gelation for all hydrogelators due to protonation of carboxylic acid groups.
Thioflavin-T assay indicated the formation of β-sheet-like structures.
Molecular dynamics simulations revealed higher aggregation tendency for FQ.
Characterization confirmed the formation of peptide-based injectable biomaterials.

Conclusions:

The glutamine-based hydrogelator (FQ) shows enhanced self-assembly and gelation properties.
pH significantly influences the gelation efficiency of hydrogelators with ionizable side chains.
These peptide-based hydrogelators are promising candidates for injectable biomaterials.