National Trends in Hospital Admissions, Interventions, and Outcomes for Early-Onset (Age <50 years) Diverticulitis
Shineui Kim1, Oh Jin Kwon1,2, Nikhil L Chervu1,3
1Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California.
Background:
Little is known about the burden and outcomes of diverticulitis in patients younger than 50 years. This knowledge gap hinders the development of effective management strategies and preventive measures for this population.
Objective:
This study aimed to analyze national trends in hospitalizations, interventions, and outcomes for early-onset diverticulitis (age younger than 50 years) in comparison to standard-onset diverticulitis (age 50 years or older) cohorts.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study.
Settings:
A survey-weighted, national sample extracted from the National Inpatient Sample.
Patients:
All adults (18 years or older) hospitalized for diverticulitis between 2005 and 2020 were included.
Main Outcome Measures:
National trends in the proportions of early-onset versus standard-onset diverticulitis were found to be related, along with the rates of colectomy.
Results:
From 2005 to 2020, 5,239,735 patients were nonelectively hospitalized for diverticulitis. Of them, 837,195 (16.0%) were early onset. During the study period, the proportion of the early-onset cohort admitted for complicated diverticulitis significantly increased from 18.5% to 28.2% (nonparametric trend < 0.001). In addition, there was a decline in the proportion of early-onset diverticulitis patients needing a colectomy (34.7%-20.3%, nonparametric trend < 0.001), with a corresponding increase in the proportion of patients needing interventional radiology intervention (12.7%-28.6%, nonparametric trend < 0.001). Compared to standard-onset diverticulitis, early-onset diverticulitis was associated with decreased odds of mortality (adjusted OR 0.18; 95% CI, 0.16-0.20; p < 0.001) as well as decreased length of stay (β -0.28 days; 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.24; p < 0.001) and hospitalization costs (β -$1900; 95% CI, -$2100 to -$1800; p < 0.001). In addition, early-onset diverticulitis was associated with increased odds of colectomy (adjusted OR 1.29; 95% CI, 1.26-1.31) and percutaneous drainage (adjusted OR 1.58; 95% CI, 1.53-1.62).
Limitations:
Retrospective data collection. Lack of granular clinical data.
Conclusions:
There has been a significant increase in the proportion of complicated diverticulitis-related admissions among patients younger than 50 years. Patients with early-onset diverticulitis were more likely to undergo colectomy or percutaneous drainage than those with standard-onset (at age 50 years or older) diverticulitis. Additional research is needed to determine the cause of these trends and identify public health policies aimed at potentially preventing the increasing burden of diverticulitis among younger populations. See Video Abstract .
Tendencias Nacionales En Admisiones Hospitalarias, Intervenciones Y Resultados En Casos De Diverticulitis Precoz Edad De A:
ANTECEDENTES:Se sabe poco sobre el coste y los resultados de la diverticulitis en pacientes menores de 50 años. Esta falta de conocimientos dificulta el desarrollo de estrategias en el manejo y las medidas preventivas efectivas para esta población.OBJETIVO:Nuestro estudio tiene como objetivo el analizar las tendencias nacionales de las hospitalizaciones, las intervenciones y los resultados en casos de diverticulitis de inicio precoz (edad <50) en comparación con cohortes de inicio estándar (edad ≥50).DISEÑO:Estudio de cohortes de tipo retrospectivo.PARÁMETROS:Muestreo nacional ponderado por encuesta, extraído de la Muestra Nacional de Pacientes Hospitalizados.PACIENTES:Todos los adultos (≥ 18 años) hospitalizados por diverticulitis entre 2005 y 2020.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADOS:Tendencias nacionales en las proporciones de diverticulitis precoz frente a diverticulitis de inicio estándar, junto con las tasas de colectomía.RESULTADOS:Entre 2005 y 2020, 5'239.735 pacientes fueron hospitalizados de forma electiva por diverticulitis aguda. 837.195 (16,0%) fueron de inicio temprano. Durante el período de estudio, la proporción de la cohorte de inicio temprano ingresada por diverticulitis complicada aumentó significativamente del 18,5% al 28,2% (nptrend<0,001). Además, hubo una disminución en la proporción de pacientes con diverticulitis de inicio precoz que necesitaron una colectomía (34,7% a 20,3%, nptrend<0,001), con un aumento correspondiente en la proporción de pacientes que necesitaron tratamiento por radiología intervencionista (12,7% a 28,6%, nptrend<0,001). En comparación con la diverticulitis de inicio estándar, la diverticulitis de inicio precoz se asoció con menores probabilidades de mortalidad (odds ratio ajustado [AOR] 0,18, intervalo de confianza del 95 % [IC del 95 %] 0,16-0,20, p < 0,001), así como con una menor duración de la hospitalización (β -0,28 días, IC del 95 % [-0,32, -0,24], p < 0,001) y menores costos de hospitalización (β -$1900, IC del 95 % [-$2100, -$1800], p < 0,001). Además, la diverticulitis de aparición temprana se asoció con mayores probabilidades de colectomía (AOR 1,29, IC del 95 % 1,26-1,31) y de drenaje percutáneo (AOR 1,58, IC del 95 % 1,53-1,62).LIMITACIONES:Recopilación de datos de tipo retrospectivo. Falta de datos clínicos granulares.CONCLUSIÓN:Ha habido un aumento significativo en la proporción de admisiones relacionadas con diverticulitis complicada entre pacientes menores de 50 años. Los pacientes con diverticulitis de aparición precoz tienen más probabilidades de someterse a colectomía o drenaje percutáneo que aquellos con diverticulitis de aparición estándar (>50 años). Se necesitan trabajos futuros para determinar la causa de estas tendencias e identificar políticas de salud pública dirigidas a prevenir potencialmente la creciente carga de diverticulitis entre las poblaciones más jóvenes. (Traducción-Dr. Xavier Delgadillo ).
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