A Rare Instance of Rosai-dorfman Disease With Mimicking Meningioma

Rosai-dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder, with central nervous system involvement being even rarer. Its clinical manifestations and imaging features easily mimic other intracranial tumors, leading to diagnostic pitfalls. This paper reports a case of a 65-year-old female initially misdiagnosed with meningioma, who was ultimately confirmed to have intracranial RDD through pathologic examination. The authors highlight the critical role of histopathology and immunohistochemistry in achieving an accurate diagnosis, and the authors review 16 reported cases of intracranial RDD, discussing the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathogenesis of RDD and to develop individualized therapeutic approaches.