Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cells Solid Tumor Immunotherapy Assisted by Biomaterials Tools.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Nanobiotechnology

Background:

• Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immune cell therapies have transformed hematological cancer treatment.
• Efficacy against solid tumors is limited by dense stromal barriers and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments.
• Advancements in nanobiotechnology offer new strategies to enhance CAR cell therapy for solid tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M cell therapy structures, mechanisms, and potential for solid tumors.
• To analyze challenges faced by CAR cell therapies in solid tumor treatment.
• To explore the role of biomaterials in optimizing CAR cell therapy efficacy.

Main Methods:

• Review of CAR cell therapy types (CAR-T, CAR-NK, CAR-M) and their mechanisms.
• Analysis of solid tumor microenvironment challenges.
• Exploration of biomaterial applications for enhancing CAR cell therapy.

Main Results:

• CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M cells have potential but face significant hurdles in solid tumors.
• Biomaterials can improve the tumor microenvironment, control CAR cell delivery, and enhance infiltration and efficacy.
• Combining biomaterials with CAR cell therapy offers a promising strategy for solid tumor treatment.

Conclusions:

• Biomaterial-enhanced CAR cell therapy presents a viable strategy for overcoming solid tumor treatment challenges.
• Further research and development are needed for effective clinical application.
• This review provides theoretical perspectives and practical guidance for future solid tumor treatment strategies.