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Updated: Aug 5, 2026

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A Method to Test the Efficacy of Handwashing for the Removal of Emerging Infectious Pathogens
Published on: June 7, 2017
Evaluation of a new germicidal hand creme
Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology
|January 1, 1985
Summary
This study shows a new germicidal hand creme effectively reduces bacteria on skin. The hand creme offers rapid, targeted antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria between washes.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Hand hygiene is crucial for infection control.
- Reducing microbial flora on the skin is a key objective.
- Existing hand hygiene products vary in their speed and spectrum of activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of a new germicidal hand creme in reducing bacterial levels on the hands.
- To compare the antimicrobial activity of the creme against common skin bacteria.
- To determine the duration of antimicrobial activity after application.
Main Methods:
- Colony counts of coagulase-negative staphylococci were measured before and after application of the hand creme.
- Antimicrobial activity was assessed over time.
- The creme's activity was compared to that of a standard bar soap.
Main Results:
- The germicidal hand creme significantly reduced coagulase-negative staphylococci immediately after use.
- Antimicrobial activity persisted for 90-120 minutes post-application.
- The creme demonstrated greater activity against gram-positive cocci (staphylococci) than gram-negative bacilli.
- The creme's rapid action and targeted effect against gram-positive bacteria were noted, contrasting with the slower, broader activity of bar soap.
Conclusions:
- The new germicidal hand creme provides rapid and targeted reduction of gram-positive bacterial flora on the hands.
- Its sustained antimicrobial activity suggests utility for maintaining reduced microbial levels between standard hand washings.
- This product may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional hand hygiene practices for further reducing skin microbial load.
Related Concept Videos
Hand hygiene
Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Hand washing...
Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment
Handwashing is hand hygiene with plain or antimicrobial soap and water to physically remove dirt, organic material, and microorganisms. However, it may not kill all microorganisms. The handwashing procedure requires a hand wash basin, liquid soap, paper towels, a domestic waste bin, and disposable nail cleaner as optional equipment.
Hand wash basins in clinical areas should have faucets that can be turned on and off without using the hands; that is, they should be non-touch or lever-operated.
Hand wash basins in clinical areas should have faucets that can be turned on and off without using the hands; that is, they should be non-touch or lever-operated.
Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps
The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury. The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury. The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...
Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps
To wash hands properly, follow these steps:
Surface Membrane Barriers
The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

