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Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use

Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death01:11

Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death

Cell death is the irreversible loss of cellular structure and function, representing the final stage of severe injury. It plays a key role in both normal physiology and disease.Types of Cell DeathThe two main types are necrosis and apoptosis, though others like necroptosis and pyroptosis also exist.Necrosis:Necrosis is an unregulated form of cell death caused by severe injury such as trauma, toxins, or ischemia. It is characterized by cell swelling, membrane loss, rupture, and leakage of...
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...

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Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
10:33

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

Death from an improvised explosive device (IED) in Nepal.

Samjhana Ghimire1, Mimosa Bajracharya2, Alok Atreya3

  • 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal.

The Medico-Legal Journal
|February 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This case report details bomb blast injuries sustained by a pedestrian in Nepal. Autopsy findings revealed typical blast injury features, offering insights into explosive-related fatalities.

Keywords:
Bomb blastNepalimprovised explosive deviceterror attack

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Pathology
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Blast injuries result from explosions, often linked to conflict or terrorism.
  • Explosion type dictates injury patterns, primarily affecting lungs and hollow organs via shock waves, burns, and fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document and analyze the specific blast injuries sustained in a civilian bombing.
  • To correlate autopsy findings with the known mechanisms of blast trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 49-year-old pedestrian injured by an improvised explosive device.
  • Detailed autopsy examination to identify and characterize blast-related injuries.

Main Results:

  • The autopsy revealed all characteristic features of blast injuries.
  • Injuries were consistent with the effects of an improvised explosive device.

Conclusions:

  • This case highlights the diverse injuries caused by improvised explosive devices.
  • Detailed pathological examination is crucial for understanding blast injury mechanisms and aiding investigations into explosive-related deaths.