Pilates exercise in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Exercise Science
• Maternal Health
• Perinatal Care

Background:

• Pilates is recognized for improving physical, psychological, and motor functions.
• Evidence on Pilates' effects on pregnancy outcomes is debated.
• This review critically analyzes scientific evidence on Pilates for pregnant women.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and analyze the scientific evidence on the effects of Pilates on pregnancy outcomes.
• To evaluate the impact of Pilates on maternal and fetal health indicators during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive search of 7 databases was conducted up to June 2024.
• Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.
• Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17.0, including heterogeneity, bias, and sensitivity analyses.

Main Results:

• 11 studies with 538 participants were included; 3 had low risk of bias, 8 had unclear risk.
• Pilates did not significantly alter maternal BMI, body weight, delivery mode, or LDL levels.
• Significant improvements were observed in 1-minute APGAR scores, reduced labor duration, and decreased labor pain (VAS scores).

Conclusions:

• Pilates during pregnancy positively impacts labor duration, newborn's immediate physiological status, and labor pain.
• The findings suggest Pilates is beneficial for specific aspects of the pregnancy and childbirth experience.
• Further research with low risk of bias studies is warranted to strengthen conclusions.