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In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Glycan-Silica Nanoparticles as Effective Inhibitors for Blocking Virus Infection.

Carmen Pérez-Alonso1, Fátima Lasala2, Laura Rodríguez-Pérez3

  • 1Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|February 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small solid silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) offer a novel approach for antiviral development. These glycosylated SiNPs (glycoSiNPs) effectively inhibit viral infections by targeting specific pathways, showing promise for new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
DC-SIGNL-SIGNbionanomaterialscarbohydratessilica nanoparticlesviral infection

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Virology
  • Carbohydrate Chemistry

Background:

  • Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are utilized for multivalent carbohydrate presentation.
  • DC-SIGN and L-SIGN pathways are implicated in viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize glycosylated SiNPs (glycoSiNPs).
  • To evaluate the antiviral potential of glycoSiNPs against viral infections mediated by DC-SIGN and L-SIGN.
  • To investigate the selective targeting of DC-SIGN over L-SIGN by glycoSiNPs.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of glycoSiNPs using NMR, DLS, TGA, FTIR, and XPS.
  • Binding experiments with Concanavalin A (ConA) using DLS and UV-vis turbidimetry.
  • Antiviral activity assessment in cellular assays using an artificial Ebola virus model.

Main Results:

  • GlycoSiNPs were successfully synthesized and characterized.
  • Binding interactions with the model lectin ConA were confirmed.
  • Potent inhibition of DC-SIGN-mediated viral infection was observed.
  • Trivalent Manα1,2Man glycodendron-functionalized glycoSiNPs showed the strongest inhibitory activity (IC50 = 135 ng/mL).
  • Selective inhibition of DC-SIGN over L-SIGN was demonstrated (170-fold difference).

Conclusions:

  • GlycoSiNPs represent a promising platform for developing targeted antiviral agents.
  • The findings highlight the potential of glycoSiNPs to selectively inhibit DC-SIGN-mediated viral entry.
  • This approach offers a strategy for developing novel therapeutics against viral infections.