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Implementing the HARK tool standardized intimate partner violence (IPV) screening, increasing detection rates in an OB/GYN clinic. This protocol successfully identified more cases of IPV, highlighting its value in healthcare settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects millions of pregnant women annually, posing significant risks to maternal and child health.
  • IPV is linked to adverse outcomes including depression, PTSD, placental abruption, uterine rupture, and hemorrhage.
  • Early identification of at-risk pregnant women is crucial for intervention and prevention of harm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a standardized IPV screening protocol using the HARK tool.
  • To assess changes in IPV screening practices in an OB/GYN clinic before and after protocol implementation.
  • To analyze screening rates and positive detection rates pre- and post-standardization.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of IPV screening data from April-September 2019-2021.
  • Implementation of the Humiliation, Afraid, Rape, Kick (HARK) tool in 2020 to standardize screening.
  • Comparison of screening numbers and positive rates between pre- and post-protocol periods.

Main Results:

  • Screening numbers significantly increased in 2020 and 2021 following protocol standardization.
  • Overall positive IPV screening rates were lower in 2021 compared to 2019 and 2020.
  • Married or partnered patients showed significantly fewer positive IPV screens than single or separated/divorced/widowed patients.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized IPV screening with the HARK tool increased the number of screenings conducted in the OB/GYN clinic.
  • The protocol facilitated the identification of additional positive IPV cases that might have been missed previously.
  • The successful implementation of this standardized screening protocol is replicable in other healthcare settings.