Electrochemical sensing of Hg(II) ions based on ultramicrotome-crafted strip ultramicroelectrode

The presence of heavy metal ions in the biosphere constitutes a significant source of pollution, posing severe threats to both human health and the environment. Thus, the accurate detection of heavy metal ions assumes paramount importance. The present study involves the preparation of electrochemical sensors based on strip ultramicroelectrode, enabling the detection of Hg²⁺. The electrochemical performance of strip ultramicroelectrode is characterized firstly. The Au strip ultramicroelectrode demonstrates exceptional suitability for the detection of Hg²⁺. Moreover, the acetate buffer is confirmed as an advantageous detection medium for Hg²⁺ owing to its slight influence on the result. The electrochemical detection parameters of the strip ultramicroelectrode, such as the pH value of the acetate buffer, enrichment potential, and enrichment time, have been optimized. The prepared electrochemical sensors based on strip ultramicroelectrode are utilized to detect the Hg²⁺ in tap water, snow melt water and bottled water. The detection limitation exceeds the thresholds established by the drinking water quality standards of China, the World Health Organization, and the European Union. The sensor prepared based on the strip ultramicroelectrode has exceptional accuracy, reliability, and practical applicability.