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Exploring person-centred sleep and rest-activity cycle dynamics over 6 months
Rachel Crosley-Lyons1, Jixin Li2, Wei-Lin Wang1
1Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Journal of Sleep Research
|February 5, 2025
Summary
This study identified four distinct sleep-circadian statuses in young adults using smartwatch data. Findings reveal transitions between statuses over six months, highlighting the dynamic nature of sleep patterns and their health implications.
Area of Science:
- Chronobiology
- Sleep Science
- Personalized Health
Background:
- Sleep and circadian rhythms significantly impact health, yet are often studied using static, variable-centered approaches.
- Longitudinal, person-centered research is crucial to understand the dynamic interplay of sleep and circadian characteristics over time.
Purpose of the Study:
- To classify individuals into distinct sleep-circadian statuses.
- To examine longitudinal transitions between these identified statuses.
- To explore covariates and health outcomes associated with each status.
Main Methods:
- 151 young adults wore smartwatches for 6 months to collect sleep and circadian rhythm data.
- Latent transition modeling was used to identify statuses and transitions.
- Multinomial logistic regressions, ANOVA, and ANCOVA analyzed covariates and health outcomes.
Main Results:
- Four sleep-circadian statuses were identified: optimal sleepers, restless sleepers, short sleepers, and nappers.
- Significant transitions were observed, with optimal/restless sleepers becoming nappers, and nappers shifting statuses; short sleepers remained stable.
- Males were more likely to be short sleepers; restless sleepers reported more physical dysfunction, and short sleepers experienced greater sleepiness.
Conclusions:
- This study successfully identified four dynamic sleep-circadian statuses in young adults.
- The findings demonstrate that sleep-circadian profiles can change over time, impacting health.
- A longitudinal, person-centered approach offers a valuable framework for developing personalized diagnostic guidelines for sleep and circadian disorders.
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