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Working Memory

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...

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Mobile Toolbox sequences task: development and validation of a remote, smartphone-based working memory test.

Jerry Slotkin¹, Aaron J Kaat², Stephanie Ruth Young²

¹Center for Health Assessment Research and Translation, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology

|February 6, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study validates Sequences, a smartphone-based working memory test. It shows promise for remote cognitive assessment in adults, supporting its use in group-based studies.

Keywords:

NIH Toolbox cognition mobile assessment validation working memory

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Area of Science:

Cognitive psychology
Psychometrics
Mobile health technology

Background:

Remote cognitive assessment is increasingly feasible with smartphones.
The Mobile Toolbox (MTB) system includes novel smartphone-based cognitive measures.
Working memory assessment is crucial for understanding cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of Sequences, a new smartphone-based working memory measure.
To assess the validity and reliability of Sequences for remote, self-administered use.
To determine the suitability of Sequences for adults aged 18-90 years.

Main Methods:

Sequences was developed for iOS and Android smartphones, involving sequential presentation of numbers and letters.
Usability and feasibility were assessed in pilot studies.
A validation study (N=1,246) and three psychometric evaluation studies were conducted, including laboratory and remote administrations, with comparisons to NIH Toolbox (NIHTB) and external measures.

Main Results:

Sequences demonstrated moderate to high correlations with comparable working memory measures and low correlations with unrelated tests.
High internal consistency and moderate test-retest reliability were observed.
Performance was not significantly affected by operating system or sex, but educational attainment showed a significant difference.

Conclusions:

Sequences is a valid measure for remote, self-administered working memory assessment in adults.
Strong internal consistency supports its reliability.
Moderate test-retest reliability is attributed to the unproctored, self-administered nature of the test, making it suitable for group-level remote studies.