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Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures
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Age effect analysis of different gender groups in spatial ability test based on virtual reality technology.

Yangyang Guo1, Mengdi Zhang2, Jiangpeng Gu1

  • 1Air Force Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.

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|February 6, 2025
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Summary

Spatial ability declines with age in men, while women aged 28-37 show peak performance. Different spatial tests measure distinct abilities, highlighting the need for further research into spatial proficiency development.

Keywords:
cognitive developmentspatial cognitionspatial orientationspatial visualizationvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Factors

Background:

  • Understanding age-related changes in cognitive abilities is crucial.
  • Spatial aptitude is a key cognitive skill with implications for various fields.
  • Previous research has shown mixed results regarding gender and age differences in spatial abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of age and gender on spatial abilities.
  • To examine the dissociation and independence of different spatial aptitude assessments.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying spatial capability across diverse demographics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized virtual reality technology for spatial ability testing.
  • Assessed 312 volunteers aged 18-90 years.
  • Employed R-letter rotation, S-M mental rotation, surface development, and maze tests.

Main Results:

  • Male spatial ability decreased with age; women aged 28-37 performed best.
  • Males generally outperformed females, with some age-group exceptions.
  • R-letter and S-M mental rotation tests were independent, indicating distinct spatial skills.
  • The relationship between visual and orientation abilities varied across spatial tests.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial aptitude exhibits distinct age-related patterns across genders.
  • Different spatial assessments measure independent cognitive components.
  • Findings have implications for occupational choices and underscore the need for further research into spatial skill development.