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A randomized controlled trial comparing retainers in bimaxillary proclination cases.

Nurulhuda Maskim1, Norhidayah Nor Zahidah Mohd Tahir2, Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan3

  • 1Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Pekan, Hospital Pekan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Pekan, Pahang, 26600, Malaysia.

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Summary

Dual retention (DR) is superior for preventing upper incisor proclination in bimaxillary proclination cases. All retention methods showed minor, clinically insignificant changes over 12 months.

Keywords:
Bimaxillary proclinationDual retentionFixed bonded retainerRetainersStabilityVacuum formed retainer

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Stability
  • Retention Protocols

Background:

  • No current recommendations exist for retaining corrected bimaxillary proclination.
  • Stability of corrected bimaxillary proclination cases requires further investigation.
  • This study compares retention protocols for bimaxillary proclination cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of different retention protocols in maintaining stability after correcting bimaxillary proclination.
  • To evaluate changes in soft tissue and dental parameters with different retention strategies.
  • To assess intra-arch changes and oral health-related quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, single-blinded, parallel control trial with 27 participants.
  • Participants were randomized into three groups: fixed bonded retention (FBR), vacuum-formed retention (VFR), and dual retention (DR).
  • Data collected at 3-month intervals for 12 months, focusing on cephalometric changes and OHIP-14(M) scores.

Main Results:

  • Anterior movement of the upper lip, lower lip, and upper incisors was observed, along with minor incisor proclination and reduction in interincisal angle.
  • Significant differences in upper incisor inclination (UII) were found between groups (p=0.015).
  • Dual retention (DR) showed less upper incisor proclination compared to FBR and VFR.

Conclusions:

  • All tested retention protocols resulted in statistically small, clinically insignificant changes.
  • Dual retention (DR) provides superior control over upper incisor inclination in bimaxillary proclination cases.
  • The findings suggest DR may be the preferred method for long-term stability.