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Related Concept Videos

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Ex vivo Imaging of T Cells in Murine Lymph Node Slices with Widefield and Confocal Microscopes
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Protocol for perfusing human axillary lymph nodes ex vivo to study structure and function in real time.

Amy Llewellyn1, Rachel Barrow-McGee2, Julia Stevenson3

  • 1Translational Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

STAR Protocols
|February 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to keep human lymph nodes alive outside the body for 24 hours. This technique allows for detailed study of lymph node structure and function in various diseases and drug responses.

Keywords:
CancerImmunologyTissue Engineering

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A Simple and Rapid Protocol to Non-enzymatically Dissociate Fresh Human Tissues for the Analysis of Infiltrating Lymphocytes
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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A Simple and Rapid Protocol to Non-enzymatically Dissociate Fresh Human Tissues for the Analysis of Infiltrating Lymphocytes
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Visualizing Lymph Node Structure and Cellular Localization using Ex-Vivo Confocal Microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Physiology
  • Surgical Techniques

Background:

  • Lymph nodes are critical for immune responses and fluid homeostasis.
  • Studying human lymph nodes ex vivo is challenging due to their short viability.
  • Understanding lymph node dynamics in disease requires advanced experimental models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel protocol for sustaining patient-derived lymph nodes ex vivo.
  • To enable extended study of lymph node structure and function.
  • To facilitate research into lymph node changes during disease and drug treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing normothermic perfusion to maintain lymph node viability.
  • Describing the setup of thermoregulatory and perfusion circuits.
  • Detailing the cannulation and perfusion of human lymph nodes.

Main Results:

  • Successful maintenance of human lymph nodes ex vivo for up to 24 hours.
  • Demonstration of a reproducible protocol for lymph node perfusion.
  • Establishment of a platform for investigating lymph node physiology.

Conclusions:

  • The described protocol provides a valuable tool for studying human lymph nodes ex vivo.
  • This method can advance research in oncology, immunology, and pharmacology.
  • The ex vivo perfusion system supports investigations into disease-related lymph node alterations.