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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
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Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Nociception01:44

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Methodologies and Advancements of Chronic Pain Management Research
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Author Spotlight: Methodologies and Advancements of Chronic Pain Management Research

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Update on chronic pain management.

Paul Glare1,2, Melani Mahendran2, Andrew D Weiss1,2

  • 1Northern Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Internal Medicine Journal
|February 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic pain management is crucial, especially after the opioid epidemic. This review updates physicians on assessing and treating long-term pain, focusing on non-opioid pharmacotherapy and self-management strategies.

Keywords:
chronic paindrug therapyneuromodulationself‐management

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Pain Management
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic pain is a prevalent condition often presenting with significant discrepancies between reported symptoms and identified tissue damage.
  • Opioid analgesics were widely promoted for chronic non-cancer pain from the 1990s to mid-2010s, leading to widespread misuse and overdose deaths.
  • The opioid crisis has prompted a re-evaluation of chronic pain management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview for medical fellows and trainees on the assessment and management of chronic pain in adult patients.
  • To discuss pharmacotherapy options beyond opioids, including antidepressants and anticonvulsants for neuropathic pain.
  • To review interventional procedures and the effectiveness of pain self-management training for chronic pain.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current evidence on chronic pain assessment and treatment.
  • Focus on post-opioid epidemic pharmacotherapy, interventional pain management, and self-management training.
  • Discussion of management strategies for patients with chronic pain, particularly those with prolonged symptoms and treatment failures.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacotherapy, including antidepressants and anticonvulsants, plays a key role in managing neuropathic pain post-opioid epidemic.
  • Interventional procedures offer additional options for chronic pain management.
  • Pain self-management training demonstrates effectiveness for individuals with chronic pain, especially after other treatments have failed.

Conclusions:

  • Effective chronic pain management requires a multimodal approach, moving beyond the overreliance on opioids.
  • Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, interventional procedures, and self-management training are vital components of contemporary chronic pain care.
  • This review equips clinicians with updated knowledge to manage complex chronic pain cases effectively and safely.