Applications, performance enhancement strategies and prospects of NiP in electrocatalysis

Developing low-cost and high-efficiency electrocatalysts is the key to making energy-related electrocatalytic technologies commercially feasible. In recent years, nickel phosphide (NiP) electrocatalysts have received extensive attention due to their multiple active sites, adjustable structure and composition, and unique physicochemical properties. In this review, the latest progress of NiP in the field of electrocatalysis is reviewed from the aspects of the properties of NiP, different synthesis methods, and ingenious modulation strategies. The significant enhancement effects of elemental doping, vacancy defect, interfacial engineering, synergistic effect, and the external magnetic field excitation-enhanced strategy on the electrocatalytic performance of NiP are emphasized, Moreover, a forward-looking outlook for its future development direction is provided. Finally, some basic problems and research directions of NiP in high-efficiency energy electrocatalysis are presented.