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Related Experiment Videos

Induction-dependent and lineage-dependent models for cell diversification are mutually exclusive.

H Holtzer, J Biehl, S Holtzer

    Progress in Clinical and Biological Research
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cell differentiation programs are inherited intracellularly, not induced by external factors. Microenvironmental changes permit or block expression, but the core program remains stable across generations.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Epigenetics

    Background:

    • Cell differentiation involves complex programs that dictate cell fate.
    • The mechanisms controlling the assembly of these programs are not fully understood.
    • External factors can influence cell behavior, but the core differentiation program's origin is debated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the limited knowledge on mechanisms controlling cell differentiation program assembly.
    • To highlight the stability and inheritance of differentiation programs.
    • To differentiate between environmental influences and intrinsic program control.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on cell differentiation.
    • Analysis of studies using immortalized cell lines (Friend erythroleukemic, neuroblastoma) and normal cells (chick blastodisc).

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  • Examination of the effects of microenvironmental changes and inducing molecules on differentiation.

    • Main Results:

    • Microenvironmental changes can induce the expression of lineage-specific differentiation programs.
    • Specific inducing molecules (e.g., retinoic acid, butyrate) do not alter the fundamental differentiation program of distinct cell types.
    • Immortalized cell lines and normal precursor cells exhibit stable, inherited differentiation programs passed through thousands of generations.
    • The inherited transcription complex is crucial for maintaining these differentiation programs.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular differentiation programs are primarily assembled by intracellular mechanisms and inherited.
    • The cell's microenvironment plays a role in regulating the expression of these pre-existing programs.
    • Exogenous molecules do not dictate the fundamental assembly of differentiation programs; rather, they permit or block their expression.