Novel temporary endodontic medication based on calcium silicate strategy: a biological and physicochemical study

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Materials

Background:

• Calcium hydroxide (Cal) based cements are traditional endodontic materials.
• Novel bioceramic materials offer potential alternatives with improved properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the physicochemical and biological properties of a novel premixed calcium silicate-based endodontic material (Bio-C) with a traditional calcium hydroxide cement (Cal).

Main Methods:

• Materials were evaluated for crystalline structure, pH, contact angle, surface roughness, solubility, and flowability over 168 hours.
• Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and cytotoxicity using periodontal ligament cells were assessed.

Main Results:

• Both materials exhibited alkaline pH, with Cal showing higher values. Bio-C demonstrated superior flowability, solubility, and wettability.
• Cal displayed greater antibacterial activity against E. faecalis. Bio-C showed minimal cytotoxicity only at undiluted concentrations.

Conclusions:

• The novel bioceramic material (Bio-C) presents a viable alternative to traditional calcium hydroxide cements due to its favorable physicochemical and biological properties.
• Further research is needed to evaluate the removability of Bio-C from root canals to fully assess its potential in endodontic treatments.