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Validating Online Parent- and Self-Report Screening Methods for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.
Shelby N Ortiz1, Jennifer P White1, Casey M MacDermod1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
The International Journal of Eating Disorders
|February 7, 2025
Summary
The Pica, ARFID, and Rumination Disorder Interview-ARFID Questionnaire (PARDI-AR-Q) better identified avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in adults and children. The Nine Item ARFID Screen (NIAS) more accurately estimated ARFID symptoms, suggesting partial support for these screening tools.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) assessments are crucial for diagnosis and symptom measurement.
- Validation of ARFID screening tools in nonclinical adult and child populations is limited.
- Community-based samples require further investigation for ARFID diagnostic presentations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the validity of two self- and parent/guardian-report ARFID screening measures in a large community sample.
- To compare the diagnostic accuracy and symptom estimation capabilities of the PARDI-AR-Q and NIAS in adults and children.
- To provide evidence for the utility of these screeners in identifying potential ARFID cases.
Main Methods:
- Fifty participants (25 adults, 25 parents/guardians of children) from the ARFID Genes and Environment study were included.
- Participants completed the ARFID portion of the Pica, ARFID, and Rumination Disorder Interview (PARDI) for diagnostic confirmation.
- The Pica, ARFID, and Rumination Disorder Interview-ARFID Questionnaire (PARDI-AR-Q) and Nine Item ARFID Screen (NIAS) were used as screening measures.
Main Results:
- Correlations between the NIAS and PARDI were generally stronger than those between the PARDI-AR-Q and PARDI.
- The PARDI-AR-Q demonstrated a higher positive predictive value for diagnosing ARFID in both adults and children compared to the NIAS.
- Both PARDI-AR-Q and NIAS dimensions significantly predicted corresponding ARFID dimensions, indicating their predictive utility.
Conclusions:
- The PARDI-AR-Q showed superior accuracy in identifying individuals with ARFID, while the NIAS excelled at estimating symptom severity.
- Findings offer partial validation for the use of PARDI-AR-Q and NIAS in community settings.
- Further research is needed to refine ARFID screening tools and understand diagnostic presentations in diverse populations, especially adults.
