Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2025
10:27
In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
Published on: October 21, 2022
1.5K
Emerging roles of noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular pathophysiology
1National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|February 7, 2025
Summary
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key players in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development and treatment. Research highlights their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for conditions like hypertension and heart attack.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of cellular processes involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis.
- Specific ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), significantly influence gene expression, inflammation, and fibrosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the multifaceted roles of various ncRNAs in the development and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
- To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of ncRNAs and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cardiovascular medicine.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of ncRNAs (miRNA, lncRNA, piRNA, siRNA, circRNA, vesicle-associated RNAs) in CVD.
- Analysis of ncRNA involvement in key cellular processes like gene expression, inflammation, and fibrosis.
- Examination of ncRNA contributions to specific CVDs (hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction) and the role of EVs.
Main Results:
- ncRNAs are integral regulators of cellular processes critical to CVD.
- miRNAs, lncRNAs, and piRNAs are particularly implicated in hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction.
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in intercellular communication and offer therapeutic potential for cardiovascular health.
Conclusions:
- ncRNAs represent promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into ncRNA-based therapies, including advanced delivery systems and personalized medicine, is essential for improving cardiovascular outcomes.
- The therapeutic potential of EVs in cardiovascular health warrants continued investigation.
Related Concept Videos
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.5K
01:20Types of RNA
5.6K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.6K
01:18Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications
2.0K
Cardiovascular diseases, encompassing a range of conditions, can significantly affect the heart's operations and the overall circulatory system. These conditions impair the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a deficit in oxygen supply to crucial organs. Anomalies in the heart's electrical system, known as arrhythmias, can cause heartbeats to accelerate or slow down. Usually, heart rates increase during physical activity and decrease while resting or sleeping. However,...
2.0K
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
43
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
43
01:29Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance
512
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
512
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.5K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.5K