Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

6.3K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.3K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.3K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.3K
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.0K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.0K
Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

6.7K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
6.7K
The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

5.9K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
5.9K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

84
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
84

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mechanochemically Coupled Multidimensional Modulation of Calcium Overload.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Treatment of gastrocnemius spasms induced by foot injury using negative pressure wound therapy: A case report.

SAGE open medical case reports·2026
Same author

Intracranial-implanted coupled electrode tumor treating fields (ICE-TTF) enable efficient and directionally tunable electric-field delivery for glioma.

Brain stimulation·2026
Same author

Line-scan phase measuring deflectometry.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of robot-assisted core decompression for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a meta-analysis of single-arm studies.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders·2026
Same author

Versatile Synthesis of Rare-Earth Nanoparticles with Virus-like Surface Nanotopography.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Costunolide ameliorates autoimmune uveitis by targeting USP15 to suppress TNF-α-induced retinal endothelial inflammation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

A ligandable PNT domain establishes ERG as a directly targetable oncogenic driver in prostate cancer.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Identification of cellular intermediates unveils unique enzymes for flagellar glycan biosynthesis in <i>Clostridioides difficile</i>.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

The structure of correlated variability reflects task-relevant information in sensory neurons.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Shared neurogenetic substrates of nonplanning impulsivity and procrastination.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

HIV-1 capsid interactions with Nuclear Pore Complex components support nuclear entry via affinity gradient.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2025

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task
07:47

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

15.3K

Robust inattentive discrete choice.

Lars Peter Hansen1,2, Jianjun Miao3,4,5, Hao Xing6

  • 1Economics Department, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a robust decision-making model for data-rich environments, accounting for ambiguity aversion in attention allocation. It offers a more cautious approach than traditional rational inattention models.

Keywords:
information acquisitionrational inattentionrobustness

More Related Videos

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.0K
Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2025

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task
07:47

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

15.3K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.0K
Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Decision Theory
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Information Economics

Background:

  • Rational inattention models assume full commitment to subjective priors in data-rich environments.
  • Decision-makers face costs when processing information, necessitating selective attention.
  • Optimal decision-making involves scrutinizing salient information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robustly optimal solution for the inattention problem by incorporating ambiguity aversion.
  • To relax the assumption of full commitment to a subjective prior distribution.
  • To provide a more realistic model for decision-making under uncertainty.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a simplified setup with discrete choices.
  • Employed Shannon's mutual information to quantify attention costs.
  • Imposed relative entropy to measure prior distribution divergence.
  • Developed necessary and sufficient conditions and numerical methods for the robust solution.

Main Results:

  • The robust decision-maker slants priors towards cautious or pessimistic directions.
  • Attention allocation is optimized under ambiguity aversion.
  • The model demonstrates robustness to prior misspecification.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model offers a robust alternative to traditional rational inattention.
  • Ambiguity aversion leads to different prior slanting and attention allocation strategies.
  • This framework enhances understanding of decision-making under uncertainty and information costs.