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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2025

An Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy for Treating Obesity
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Nutrient-Stimulating Hormone-Based Therapies for Obesity.

Cagney Cristancho1, Dong Wook Kim2, Caroline M Apovian2

  • 1Center for Weight Management and Wellness, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|February 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Nutrient-stimulating hormone (NuSH) therapies like liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide are effective for long-term obesity management. Future treatments aim to target multiple appetite and energy receptors for enhanced weight control.

Keywords:
NuSH-based therapiesNutrient stimulating hormonesObesitySemaglutideTirzepatideWeight loss therapies

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease globally.
  • It is linked to serious health issues like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
  • Effective long-term weight management is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the effectiveness of FDA-approved nutrient-stimulating hormone (NuSH) therapies.
  • To discuss the role of liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide in long-term weight management.
  • To provide an overview of emerging therapeutic strategies in obesity treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of FDA-approved NuSH-based therapies.
  • Analysis of clinical data on liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide for weight management.
  • Discussion of ongoing research into novel obesity treatment mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide demonstrate high efficacy in long-term weight management.
  • These NuSH therapies represent a significant advancement in obesity pharmacotherapy.
  • Ongoing research shows promise for multi-receptor targeting agents.

Conclusions:

  • NuSH-based therapies offer effective solutions for managing obesity.
  • Further research into multi-target therapies is expected to expand treatment options.
  • Advancements in understanding appetite and energy regulation are driving innovation in obesity management.