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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
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Updated: May 29, 2025

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
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Age-Based Classification and Outcomes in Pediatric Heart Failure: Findings From a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort

Yuxing Yuan1, Bo Pan1, Fangjie Wang2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Children's Important Organ Development and Diseases of Chongqing Municipal Health Commission, National Clinical Key Cardiovascular Specialty Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|February 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric heart failure (PHF) shows varied clinical traits and outcomes by age. Age-specific management is crucial for better treatment strategies in children with heart failure.

Keywords:
HF classage‐based stratificationall‐cause mortality ratecardiovascular adverse eventpediatric heart failure

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Clinical Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Heart failure in children (pediatric heart failure, PHF) is a significant global health issue with inadequately understood clinical characteristics.
  • Existing knowledge gaps hinder the development of optimal treatment strategies for pediatric heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the understanding of clinical characteristics across different pediatric heart failure age groups.
  • To provide evidence-based references for improving pediatric heart failure treatment strategies through age-specific stratification.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 2903 hospitalized pediatric heart failure patients (≤18 years) across 20 Chinese provinces.
  • Patients were categorized into four age groups: neonatal, infant and toddler, young children, and adolescent.
  • Data were collected between January 2013 and December 2022.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in clinical characteristics, auxiliary examinations, comorbidities, and hospitalization outcomes were observed among the four age groups.
  • The odds of in-hospital death were lower in infant/toddler, young children, and adolescent groups compared to the neonatal group.
  • Cardiovascular adverse events were more frequent in young children and adolescents, while adolescents had higher odds of a poor Ross class compared to other groups.

Conclusions:

  • Age-specific stratification is essential for managing pediatric heart failure.
  • Distinct clinical presentations and prognostic differences exist across pediatric heart failure developmental stages, necessitating tailored management approaches.