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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are recognized as significant determinants of long-term health outcomes.
  • Understanding the relationship between ACEs and adult behaviors, particularly concerning safety practices like firearm storage, is crucial for public health.
  • Previous research has established links between ACEs and various health risk behaviors, but specific associations with firearm safety practices require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between the number of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and firearm storage practices (loaded vs. unloaded) among adults.
  • To identify specific types of ACEs that are independently associated with higher odds of storing firearms loaded.
  • To inform the development of targeted public health interventions aimed at improving firearm safety in households with a history of childhood adversity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey.
  • Included adult respondents from firearm-owning households in Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, and Virginia.
  • Employed multiple logistic regression analyses to assess the relationship between ACEs and firearm storage, controlling for potential confounders.

Main Results:

  • Adults reporting 2-3 ACEs (aOR = 1.48) and 4+ ACEs (aOR = 1.60) had significantly higher odds of storing firearms loaded compared to those with 0 ACEs.
  • Specific ACEs, including household alcoholism (aOR = 1.36), household incarceration (aOR = 1.67), and parental divorce/separation (aOR = 1.37), were associated with increased odds of loaded firearm storage.
  • Findings indicate a dose-response relationship between the number of ACEs and the likelihood of unsafe firearm storage practices.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood adversity, as measured by ACEs, is significantly associated with increased odds of unsafe firearm storage practices in adulthood.
  • The findings highlight the enduring impact of early life experiences on adult health and safety behaviors.
  • Public health strategies should consider addressing the psychological and social sequelae of ACEs to promote safer environments, including secure firearm storage.