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Pulmonary sequestration causing haemoptysis in an adult
Tanya Gupta1, Ching Chung Foo2, Sarath Bethapudi3
1General medicine, County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK tanya.gupta2@nhs.net.
BMJ Case Reports
|February 8, 2025
Summary
Pulmonary sequestration (PS), a rare congenital lung anomaly, often presents atypically, leading to delayed diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering PS in adults with unexplained respiratory symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Pulmonology
- Radiology
Background:
- Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital lung malformation characterized by non-functioning lung tissue with systemic arterial supply.
- Its rarity (1 in 10,000–35,000 births) and variable presentation, often in pediatric patients, contribute to frequent misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of pulmonary sequestration presenting in a young adult woman.
- To emphasize the diagnostic challenges and the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach for managing PS.
Main Methods:
- Case report detailing a young adult female patient presenting with hemoptysis and chest tightness.
- Diagnostic workup included imaging to identify a right lower lobe mass, leading to the diagnosis of PS.
Main Results:
- The patient was diagnosed with pulmonary sequestration based on clinical presentation and imaging findings.
- The case underscores a less common manifestation of PS in an adult population.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary sequestration can manifest atypically in adults, necessitating "lateral thinking" to avoid misdiagnosis.
- A multidisciplinary team approach is crucial for timely management of PS to prevent severe complications like life-threatening hemoptysis and recurrent pneumonia.
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