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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
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Enhancing Speech Perception in Noise Through Home-Based Competing Talker Training.

Mira Van Wilderode1, Nathan Van Humbeeck2, Ralf T Krampe2

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Summary

Competing talker training (2TT-Flemish) improved speech-in-noise perception and freed up cognitive resources for other tasks. Benefits in analytical skills or inhibitory control were not observed.

Keywords:
Auditory trainingDual-task paradigmSpeech-in-noise perception

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Hearing impairment, particularly difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments, significantly impacts quality of life for older adults.
  • Effective interventions are needed to improve speech perception and reduce listening-related cognitive load.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a competing talker training paradigm (2TT-Flemish) in older adults with speech-in-noise problems.
  • To assess on-task learning and transfer of training to untrained tasks, including speech perception, analytical skills, and cognitive functions.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 60 participants (aged 54-84) with three groups: immediate training, delayed training, and active control.
  • Training involved 4 weeks of competing talker training (2TT-Flemish), with outcome measures assessed over 12 weeks.
  • Measures included speech perception in noise, analytical tasks, inhibitory control, a listening-posture dual task, and self-reported benefits.

Main Results:

  • Participants showed on-task improvements during training, with generalization to speech-in-noise perception persisting post-training.
  • No transfer was observed for analytical tasks or inhibitory control.
  • Competing talker training reduced dual-task costs in postural control, indicating freed cognitive resources for concurrent tasks and improved knowledge about hearing.

Conclusions:

  • Competing talker training (2TT-Flemish) effectively improves speech-in-noise perception in older adults.
  • The training enhances cognitive resource allocation, benefiting performance in multitask settings.
  • While not improving analytical skills, the training offers practical benefits for daily communication and cognitive function.