A Design-Driven Approach Exploring Therapeutic Building-Nature Integration Strategies in Healthcare

Objectives: This paper focuses on the three representative hospital projects conceived by Herzog & de Meuron, which transcend the conventional function of healing facilities by embracing a holistic conception of care. Through a thorough examination, complemented by illustrative drawings, it delves into the design strategies that set these projects apart from conventional practices observed in general hospital settings. Background: In response to the rising concerns about environmental sustainability and human well-being, architects, urban planners, and landscape designers are beginning to realize how crucial it is to use "natural" components in design. Particularly in healthcare institutions, carefully designed healing gardens like courtyards, with their appropriate spatial arrangement and material composition method, aim for high-quality spaces to promote health and well-being. Methodology: A qualitative study was conducted through design-driven evaluation, with photographic documentation, drawings, and sketches to show how these designs achieve therapeutic integration. The strategies were thoroughly analyzed from three main perspectives: context and space, garden and building, and material and environment. Results: The investigation demonstrates that key design elements for improving the healing effect of hospitals include nature integration, spatial sequence, daylight exposure, and material composition. Specifically, it involves incorporating nature through courtyards, allowing daylight to enter indoor spaces, using clear architectural markers for easy wayfinding, and applying tactile timber finishes both inside and outside the building. Conclusions: The research highlights significant strategies and approaches that establish a framework for designers and decision-makers to assess hospital health promotion aspects to guide future design projects.