Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Screening of Circulating Tumor Cells Over Single-Atom Nanozyme Integrated 3D Nanoarray

Late-stage diagnosis is a major contributor to cancer mortality and thus leads to increased fatality, making early detection crucial for improving survival rates. Circulating tumor cells (CTC), detectable before primary tumors become clinically apparent, have emerged as vital biomarkers for the early identification of aggressive cancers. Here, develop a single-atom nanozyme integrated nanoarray as a 3D nano-biointerface for ultrasensitive electrochemical screening of CTCs from hepatocellular carcinoma. This cytosensor is capable of identifying CTC at a single-cell level, achieving an impressive area under the curve of 0.96 in receiver operating characteristics, comparable to simulated multi-indicator diagnostic strategies. This screening strategy shows great potential for the non-invasive early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and is promising to be applied universally to early cancer diagnosis.