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The relationship between allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in children enrolled in primary

Yusuf Adnan Guclu1, Erdem Erkoyun2, Selcuk Sinan Celik3

  • 1Yusuf Adnan Guclu, MD. Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|February 10, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with allergic diseases show higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Respiratory allergies present a greater risk for ADHD compared to skin allergies. Increased awareness of these co-occurrences is recommended.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Rising prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) and allergic diseases (ADs) in children.
  • Need to understand the potential association between NDs and ADs.
  • Focus on primary healthcare settings in Izmir.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the association between neurodevelopmental disorders (ADHD, ASD) and allergic diseases (respiratory, skin) in children.
  • To identify risk factors for these comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study of 20,557 children in Izmir primary healthcare units.
  • Dependent variables: ADHD and ASD. Risk factors: respiratory and skin allergies.
  • Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic level.

Main Results:

  • ADHD comorbidity was significantly higher in children with both respiratory (6.8%) and skin allergies (7.8%).
  • Respiratory allergies showed a higher odds ratio (OR: 6.2) for ADHD than skin allergies (OR: 2.2).
  • ASD comorbidity was observed in boys with respiratory (1.8%) and skin allergies (1.6%), but analysis for girls was limited.

Conclusions:

  • Significant association found between allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly ADHD.
  • Healthcare providers and parents should be aware of the co-occurrence of NDs and ADs.
  • Further research may be needed to explore these links.
Abstract

Keywords:
AsthmaAtopic dermatitisAttention deficit and hyperactivity disorderAutism spectrum disorderPrimary healthcareallergic rhinitis

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