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Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and risk of dementia: A population-based cohort study

Lin Zhuo1,2, Baixue Zhang3, Yueqi Yin4

  • 1Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
|February 10, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) show a reduced risk of dementia in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. This study investigated SGLT-2i use and dementia incidence in mainland China.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Dementia risk assessment is crucial for public health.
  • The impact of SGLT-2 inhibitors on dementia risk remains understudied in Asian populations.
  • Type 2 diabetes is a known risk factor for dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between SGLT-2 inhibitor use and dementia incidence.
  • To assess SGLT-2i efficacy in preventing dementia in a Chinese population.

Main Methods:

  • Emulation of a target trial comparing SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) with DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i).
  • Utilized the Yinzhou Regional Health Care Database for cohort assembly.
  • Applied Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (IPTW) and Cox models for analysis.

Main Results:

  • A cohort of 47,335 new users of SGLT-2i or DPP-4i was analyzed.
  • SGLT-2i users exhibited a dementia incidence of 347.5 per 100,000 person-years.
  • SGLT-2i use was linked to a 26% reduced risk of dementia (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93).

Conclusions:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitor use is associated with a lower risk of dementia.
  • Findings suggest a potential neuroprotective effect of SGLT-2i in the Chinese population.
  • Results were consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses.
Keywords:
dementiasodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitorstype 2 diabetes mellitus

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