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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

A Hepatocellular Cancer Patient&#45;Derived Organoid Xenograft Model to Investigate Impact of Liver Regeneration on Tumor Growth
08:15

A Hepatocellular Cancer Patient-Derived Organoid Xenograft Model to Investigate Impact of Liver Regeneration on Tumor Growth

Published on: February 2, 2024

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Dedicated Automatic Recall Hepatocellular Cancer Surveillance Programme Demonstrates High Retention: A

Mayur Brahmania1,2, Stephen Congly1,2, Yashasavi Sachar3

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada.

Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
|February 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

An automated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance program shows good retention, but patients with viral liver disease, cirrhosis, or African ethnicity are at higher risk of dropout. This highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve adherence in these vulnerable groups.

Keywords:
HCCliver cancersurveillance ultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Gastroenterology
  • Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Oncology Surveillance

Background:

  • Barriers to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance adherence include patient, clinician, and system factors.
  • The effectiveness of automated recall programs on HCC surveillance retention remains largely uncharacterized.
  • Evaluating such programs is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes in publicly funded healthcare systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and evaluate the retention rates of a dedicated, automated recall HCC surveillance program.
  • To identify predictors of non-retention within a large, multi-ethnic cohort.
  • To assess the program's impact in a publicly funded healthcare setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 7269 patients enrolled in an automated semi-annual HCC surveillance program (2013-2022).
  • Inclusion based on American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) HCC guidance.
  • Cox regression analysis was employed to determine factors associated with surveillance dropout.

Main Results:

  • Overall retention rate was 52%; 8.3% discontinued for medical reasons, and 40% were lost to follow-up.
  • Patients lost to follow-up remained in the program for a median of 0.81 years, compared to 6.75 years for retained patients.
  • Hepatitis C (HCV) etiology, African ethnicity, and cirrhosis independently increased dropout risk. Hepatitis B (HBV) in cirrhotic patients also elevated dropout risk.

Conclusions:

  • A dedicated automated recall HCC surveillance program demonstrates substantial retention.
  • Patients with viral liver disease (HCV, HBV), cirrhosis, and African ethnicity represent vulnerable populations at higher risk of loss to follow-up.
  • Targeted strategies are needed to improve surveillance adherence among these identified at-risk groups.