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Injury Rates Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder With or Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Dorit Shmueli1, Talish Razi2, Moran Almog3
1Child Development, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.
JAMA Network Open
|February 10, 2025
Summary
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have higher emergency department visit rates. Specific injury types, like ingestion and inhalation, are more common in ASD/ADHD groups, while orthopedic injuries are less common.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Injury Prevention
Background:
- Injuries are a significant cause of illness and death in children with neurodevelopmental conditions.
- Identifying specific injury risks for this population is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare injury risks in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or both, against typically developing (TD) children.
- To analyze specific injury profiles associated with these neurodevelopmental conditions.
Main Methods:
- A population-based cohort study of 325,412 children born between 2005-2009 in Israel.
- Data from the Clalit Health Service database included emergency department visits.
- Negative binomial regression models assessed incidence rate ratios (IRRs) adjusted for demographic factors.
Main Results:
- Children with ASD, ADHD, or both exhibited significantly higher emergency department visit rates compared to TD children.
- ADHD was associated with increased physical injury ED visits, while ASD groups showed higher rates of ingestion/inhalation injuries.
- Children with ASD or comorbid ASD/ADHD had lower rates of orthopedic and animal-inflicted injuries.
Conclusions:
- Distinct injury patterns are associated with ASD and ADHD in children.
- Further research into the underlying causes of these associations is needed to develop effective injury reduction interventions.
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