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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Amnesia01:13

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Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Cognitive Decline After First-Time Transient Ischemic Attack.

Victor A Del Bene1,2, George Howard3, Toby I Gropen1

  • 1Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham.

JAMA Neurology
|February 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is linked to long-term cognitive decline, even after symptoms resolve. This study found that individuals experiencing a TIA showed accelerated cognitive decline compared to asymptomatic controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is known to affect cognitive function, but the direct relationship and contributing factors remain unclear.
  • Preexisting risk factors and prior cognitive decline may influence post-TIA cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a single, diffusion-weighted image-negative, adjudicated TIA is associated with longitudinal cognitive decline.
  • To determine if this decline is independent of preexisting risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary data analysis from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study.
  • Inclusion of participants with first-time TIA, first-time stroke, and asymptomatic controls, with neuroimaging for adjudication.
  • Biannual telephone cognitive assessments using verbal fluency and memory measures, analyzed with adjusted segmented regression models.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with TIA experienced a faster annual cognitive decline (-0.05) post-event compared to asymptomatic controls (-0.02).
  • The cognitive composite was lower in stroke and TIA groups pre-event compared to controls.
  • Post-event, the stroke group showed significant decline, while the TIA group's cognitive composite showed no significant change, but annual decline was faster.

Conclusions:

  • A single TIA event, despite transient symptoms, is associated with long-term cognitive decline.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms, including direct injury or interaction with neurodegenerative factors.