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Published on: March 22, 2024
NIR-II imaging-based detection of early changes in lower limb perfusion in type 2 diabetes patients without
Yijie Ning1, Jie Hu1, Yikun Zhu2
1Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Vascular Institute of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Aims:
The formation of lower limb arterial plaques, exacerbated by type 2 diabetes (T2D), represents an early stage of lower limb peripheral artery disease (PAD). Second near-infrared region (NIR-II) imaging is an emerging technique with high sensitivity for detecting perfusion levels. This study explores the value of NIR-II imaging in identifying perfusion changes due to lower extremity arterial plaques in T2D patients without PAD.
Methods:
NIR-II imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) was conducted on 120 T2D patients, who were categorized into two groups: plaque and non-plaque. NIR-II parameters and clinical characteristics were analyzed between the two groups to identify significant predictors of lower extremity arterial plaques.
Results:
Six NIR-II imaging parameters (T start, T 1/2, Tmax, Ingress rate, Egress, and Egress rate) showed significant differences and diagnostic efficacy between the two groups. Three NIR-II parameters (T start, Egress, and Egress rate) and two clinical characteristics (age and sex) were identified as independent predictors of lower limb artery plaques. The nomogram showed that a combined model with NIR-II parameters and clinical characteristics exhibited higher diagnostic efficacy.
Conclusion:
NIR-II imaging can effectively detect early perfusion changes in T2D patients, showing great potential for pre-diagnosis of individuals at high risk for PAD.
