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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.2K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions
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General approach for synthesizing hexagonal diamond by heating post-graphite phases.

Desi Chen1, Guwen Chen2, Long Lv1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China.

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|February 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized pure hexagonal diamond (HD) from compressed graphite. This breakthrough offers a method for creating this rare, ultra-hard material for potential new applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • High-Pressure Physics

Background:

  • Natural and synthetic diamonds typically possess a cubic lattice.
  • Hexagonal diamond (HD), a rare allotrope, remains largely unexplored due to synthesis challenges and sample limitations.
  • The existence and properties of HD are subjects of ongoing scientific debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reliable method for synthesizing pure, well-crystallized hexagonal diamond.
  • To investigate the conditions and mechanisms governing the formation of HD from graphite.
  • To characterize the properties of the synthesized hexagonal diamond.

Main Methods:

  • Heating highly compressed graphite (both bulk and nano-sized precursors).
  • Utilizing experimental techniques and theoretical analyses to study the graphite-to-diamond conversion.
  • Characterizing the synthesized material's purity, crystal structure, thermal stability, and hardness.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of well-crystallized, nearly pure hexagonal diamond.
  • Identification of post-graphite phase formation and temperature gradients as key factors in HD growth.
  • Obtained a millimetre-sized, highly oriented HD block with exceptional hardness (155 GPa) and thermal stability (up to 1,100°C).

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a viable method for hexagonal diamond synthesis, overcoming previous limitations.
  • The findings provide critical insights into the graphite-to-diamond phase transition under extreme conditions.
  • The synthesized HD demonstrates potential for advanced material applications requiring extreme hardness and thermal resistance.