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Related Concept Videos

Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...

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Electrically Driven, Bioluminescent Compliant Devices for Soft Robotics.

Kengo Kusama1, Atsuro Oishi2, Hitoshi Ueno2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|February 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a bright, stable bioluminescent liquid using luciferase for soft robotics. This eco-friendly material enables energy-efficient, luminescent soft actuators, sensors, and robots, including a swimming jellyfish robot.

Keywords:
BRETbiohybridbioluminescencedielectric elastomerssoft robotics

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Area of Science:

  • Soft robotics
  • Biomaterials
  • Enzyme engineering

Background:

  • Soft robots utilize compliant materials for diverse applications.
  • Luminescence in soft robots is crucial for communication, often using energy-intensive electroluminescence.
  • Existing methods rely on synthetic materials activated by external power sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel bioluminescent liquid derived from luciferase for soft robotic applications.
  • To demonstrate the integration of this bioluminescent liquid into soft actuators and sensors.
  • To showcase the potential of bioluminescence as an energy-efficient and eco-friendly alternative in soft robotics.

Main Methods:

  • A mammalian cell-derived secreted luciferase bioluminescent liquid was synthesized and characterized.
  • The bioluminescent liquid was incorporated as an electrode in dielectric elastomer sensors (DESs) and dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs).
  • Fabricated DESs and DEAs were tested under various conditions, including strain and applied voltage, to assess performance and luminance changes.

Main Results:

  • The bioluminescent liquid exhibited high brightness, stability, freezability, and scalability.
  • DESs showed a linear response up to 200% strain with a 27% luminance change.
  • DEAs achieved 46.0% areal strain and a 31% luminance change at 3.4 kV; a waterproof DEA powered a jellyfish robot swimming at 2.1 mm/s.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bioluminescent liquid is a viable, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly material for soft robotics.
  • Bioluminescence offers a promising alternative to electroluminescence for functional soft robotic systems.
  • The successful demonstration in actuators, sensors, and robots validates the potential of this technology.