Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Highly Sensitive Tissue-specific qRT-PCR-based Assay for Detection of Melanoma Cells in Tumor-Draining Lymph Nodes.

Current protocols·2025

Same author

Overstimulated: Artifact or Fiction?

Annals of emergency medicine·2024

Same author

Young man collapses while playing softball.

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open·2023

Same author

The FOXC2 Transcription Factor: A Master Regulator of Chemoresistance in Cancer.

Technology in cancer research & treatment·2023

Same author

Genetic dysregulation of immunologic and oncogenic signaling pathways associated with tumor-intrinsic immune resistance: a molecular basis for combination targeted therapy-immunotherapy for cancer.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS·2023

Same author

A Bioinformatic Approach to Enhance Undergraduate Student Understanding of the Cancer-Immunity Cycle.

Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Model to Study the Systemic and Local Dynamics of CD8+ T Cells During LN Metastasis

Author Spotlight: A Model to Study the Systemic and Local Dynamics of CD8⁺ T Cells During LN Metastasis

Published on: January 26, 2024

Lymph Node Invasion by Melanoma Cells Is Not Required for the Induction of Incomplete Differentiation by

Kristian M Hargadon¹, Travis B Goodloe¹, Stephen L Woodall¹

¹Hargadon Laboratory, Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, Virginia, USA.

Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.)

|February 11, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Melanoma cell invasion of lymph nodes does not cause CD8+ T cell dysfunction. This T cell dysfunction occurs even in lymph nodes without melanoma cells, suggesting alternative mechanisms are at play.

Keywords:

CD8 T cell dysfunction cancer lymph node invasion melanoma tumor immunity

More Related Videos

Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors

Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors

Published on: January 7, 2019

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Published on: February 24, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Model to Study the Systemic and Local Dynamics of CD8+ T Cells During LN Metastasis

Author Spotlight: A Model to Study the Systemic and Local Dynamics of CD8⁺ T Cells During LN Metastasis

Published on: January 26, 2024

Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors

Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors

Published on: January 7, 2019

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Published on: February 24, 2023

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cancer Biology
Melanoma Research

Background:

Lymph node invasion by cancer cells is a negative prognostic indicator.
Cancer-associated T cell dysfunction, particularly CD8+ T cells, is linked to poor outcomes.
Tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cell differentiation is crucial for effective anti-tumor immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if melanoma cell invasion of lymph nodes is necessary for CD8+ T cell dysfunction.
To understand the role of lymph node environment in T cell responses to melanoma.
To identify factors contributing to incomplete T cell differentiation in cancer.

Main Methods:

Assessment of lymph node invasion using B16-F1 and D5.1G4 murine melanoma models.
Evaluation of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses.
Comparison of T cell function in tumor-involved versus tumor-free lymph nodes.

Main Results:

CD8+ T cells recognizing melanoma antigens failed to gain effector function.
This dysfunction was observed irrespective of tumor stability (progressive or stable).
T cell dysfunction occurred in both tumor-invaded and tumor-free lymph nodes draining established melanomas.

Conclusions:

Melanoma cell invasion of lymph nodes is not required to induce CD8+ T cell dysfunction.
Incomplete CD8+ T cell differentiation can occur independently of direct tumor infiltration.
Findings suggest alternative strategies are needed to enhance T cell responses against poorly immunogenic melanomas.