Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

2.5K
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
2.5K
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

2.0K
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
2.0K
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

1.0K
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
1.0K
Microbial Nutrition01:28

Microbial Nutrition

2.0K
Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
2.0K
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

61
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
61
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

65
The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
65

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Pediatrics in review·2026
Same author

Decoding cellular stress states for toxicology using single-cell transcriptomics.

NAM journal·2026
Same author

Tanyu Tongzhi Decoction Improves Cardiac Function by Inhibiting Platelet Activation and Alleviating Coronary Microthrombosis for Coronary Heart Disease Mice.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Developing machine learning models for fluid milk spoilage classification.

Journal of dairy science·2026
Same author

Common food allergen education and exposure in infants with feeding tubes: A single-center retrospective study highlighting an educational gap.

Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·2026
Same author

Perspective: Understanding raw milk quality and processing-Optimizing the dairy value chain from production through processing.

Journal of dairy science·2026
Same journal

Short, not skinny: The distinct sarcopenia phenotype of pediatric primary sclerosing cholangitis-inflammatory bowel disease.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same journal

Constipation outcomes in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Insights from a tertiary motility service.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same journal

Heterogeneous outcomes in pediatric potential celiac disease: A multicenter longitudinal study.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same journal

Inter-tissue relationships of gene expression in liver, muscle and adipose tissue of children with end-stage chronic liver disease.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same journal

Foreign body ingestions in children and adolescents: A position paper of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) endoscopy special interest group.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same journal

Abdominal pain in pediatric immunoglobulin A vasculitis: Risk factors and severity predictors in a multicenter cohort.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit
07:38

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit

Published on: December 16, 2015

12.3K

Term infant formula macronutrient composition: An update for clinicians.

Catherine Larson-Nath1, Anam Bashir2, Rachel E Herdes3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|February 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding infant formula macronutrients is key for clinicians advising families. This review details protein, carbohydrate, and fat compositions in term infant formulas and their clinical uses.

Keywords:
carbohydratescaseinfatwhey

More Related Videos

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers
09:36

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Published on: July 28, 2022

2.2K
Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings
04:16

Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings

Published on: February 7, 2025

391

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit
07:38

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit

Published on: December 16, 2015

12.3K
Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers
09:36

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Published on: July 28, 2022

2.2K
Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings
04:16

Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings

Published on: February 7, 2025

391

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Infant formulas contain protein, carbohydrates, and fats as primary macronutrients.
  • While all U.S. formulas meet nutritional standards, their macronutrient profiles vary significantly.
  • Formulas are often designed to mimic human milk or alleviate infant symptoms like colic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To inform clinicians about the diverse macronutrient compositions of term infant formulas.
  • To explain the role of specific macronutrient components in managing infant health conditions.
  • To provide guidance for selecting appropriate formulas based on infant needs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on infant formula macronutrient composition.
  • Analysis of product information for commercially available term infant formulas.
  • Synthesis of data regarding the clinical indications for different formula types.

Main Results:

  • Significant diversity exists in the protein, carbohydrate, and fat content across term infant formulas.
  • Specific macronutrient profiles are associated with different therapeutic or disease-management purposes.
  • Marketing claims often highlight human milk resemblance or symptom improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians require a thorough understanding of infant formula macronutrients to effectively advise families.
  • Tailoring formula selection based on macronutrient composition can support infant health and development.
  • Further research may elucidate optimal macronutrient ratios for specific infant populations.