Histologic findings of liver injury during pembrolizumab-axitinib treatment
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
Published on: February 10, 2015
Rita Carrilho Pichel1, Hugo Miguel Miranda1, Diogo Carvalho Sá2
1Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Portugal.
Abstract:
Hepatotoxicity is a significant concern in systemic cancer treatments. The pembrolizumab-axitinib combination, used in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), is associated with a 22% incidence of ≥G3 liver enzyme elevations. In this case report we provide the first description of liver biopsy findings of axitinib or pembrolizumab-axitinib drug-induced liver injury (DILI). These findings may enhance understanding of the hepatotoxic effects of this combination and inform strategies for patient management.
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