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Updated: May 28, 2025

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Published on: October 11, 2018

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioral interventions for sleep disruption in pediatric neurodevelopmental

Dana Kamara1,2, Angel Bernard2, Emma L M Clark3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.

Journal of Pediatric Psychology
|February 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Behavioral sleep interventions improved sleep satisfaction and reduced bedtime resistance in children with medical conditions. Effects on sleep satisfaction were maintained at follow-up, highlighting the need for more research in this area.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Children with neurodevelopmental and medical conditions frequently experience sleep disruption.
  • Existing research on sleep interventions for these populations is limited.
  • This study systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioral sleep interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating behavioral interventions for sleep disruption in children with neurodevelopmental and medical conditions.
  • To assess the efficacy of these interventions on sleep health, condition symptomatology, and quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search from 1970 to July 2023.
  • Included peer-reviewed RCTs of children (birth to 18 years) with sleep disruption and neurodevelopmental/medical conditions.
  • Excluded non-behavioral, lifestyle, or pharmaceutical interventions.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen RCTs (1,374 participants) were analyzed, predominantly involving insomnia symptoms.
  • Behavioral sleep interventions significantly improved sleep satisfaction, reduced bedtime resistance, and lessened ADHD symptoms post-intervention.
  • Improvements in sleep satisfaction were maintained at follow-up; parent-rated sleep duration improved at follow-up but not immediately post-intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral sleep interventions show promise for improving sleep in children with neurodevelopmental and medical conditions.
  • These children remain underrepresented in sleep intervention research.
  • Further rigorous research with larger, diverse samples is crucial to address sleep disruption in these pediatric groups.
Abstract

Keywords:
Autism SpectrumChronic IllnessHealth BehaviorSleepSystematic Review/Meta-Analysis

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