Ductile Inorganic Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

• Solid electrolytes are crucial components of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), influencing ion transport and electrode compatibility.
• Ductile solid electrolytes offer superior ion transport under pressure compared to rigid oxides, showing industrial potential.
• A single ductile solid electrolyte serving as catholyte, bulk electrolyte, and anolyte remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and discuss five types of inorganic solid electrolytes for ASSBs: sulfides, halides, nitrides, antiperovskite-type, and complex hydrides.
• To analyze the advantages and challenges associated with each electrolyte type.
• To evaluate the suitability of different solid electrolytes for catholyte, bulk electrolyte, and anolyte functions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on solid electrolytes for ASSBs.
• Systematic discussion of the impact of pressure on ASSB performance.
• Analysis of functional characteristics and physicochemical properties of various solid electrolyte classes.

Main Results:

• Five classes of solid electrolytes (sulfides, halides, nitrides, antiperovskites, complex hydrides) are evaluated for ASSB applications.
• Ductile solid electrolytes demonstrate promising ion transport properties, especially under cold pressing.
• Combining different solid electrolyte types can leverage individual strengths for improved ASSB performance.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the properties of diverse solid electrolytes is essential for designing effective ASSBs.
• Tailoring electrolytes for specific functions (catholyte, bulk, anolyte) is key to optimizing battery performance.
• This review provides insights for developing practical, high-performance ASSBs by judiciously selecting and combining solid electrolytes.